Why bromine is liquid at room temperature

Chemistry Phases of Matter Changes of State. Ernest Z. May 7, Explanation: The molecules of each substance attract each other through dispersion London intermolecular forces. Related questions How can changes of state be explained by the particle theory?

How do changes in state involve exchanges of energy? How do changes of state establish equilibrium? How do changes of state relate to the kinetic theory? How do the laws of conservation apply to changes of state? What changes in state are endothermic?

Why are changes of state considered to be physical? Why are sublimation and deposition unusual changes of state? Why do changes of states matter? Bromine mineral deposits in the United States are in natural brine wells in Michigan and Arkansas. Worldwide production estimated to be around , tons per year. Bromine is very harmful to the atmosphere. According to Chemicool , bromine atoms are 40 to times more destructive in the ozone layer than chlorine atoms.

Up to half of the loss of ozone above Antarctica is due to reactions involving bromine. Methyl bromide, used as a fumigant, is the largest source of ozone-depleting bromine. Two scientists working independently discovered bromine in the s, according to Peter van der Krogt , a Dutch historian.

Gmelin advised that his student produce more of the substance so that it could be studied in further detail. Balard took a sample of the brine in which the seaweed was found and distilled the mixture of brine with chlorine to produce a dark red liquid, according to Chemicool. He originally thought that it was either a chlorine or iodine compound, and when he could not isolate either element, he proposed that he had in fact found a new element.

Balard suggested the name muride, from the Latin word "muria" or brine, for his new element. His results were published in One area of research in which bromine is studied is how bromine affects the atmosphere. A resource published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA describes how bromine, as well as chlorine, destroys ozone molecules during three reaction cycles. In the first cycle, reactions between chlorine or chlorine monoxide interacting with ozone leads to monotonic O or diatomic oxygen O 2.

The second cycle also reacts chlorine with ozone to result in diatomic oxygen.